Fundamental gaps of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with repulsive interaction

DOI10.3233/ASY-181477MaRDI QIDQ4633440zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Weizhu Bao, Xinran Ruan

Publication date 2 May 2019

Published in Asymptotic Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.07123

zbMATH Keywords

ground stateGross-Pitaevskii equationfirst excited staterepulsive interactionenergy asymptoticsfundamental gap

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Nonlinear eigenvalue problems and nonlinear spectral theory for PDEs (35P30) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55)

Abstract: We study asymptotically and numerically the fundamental gaps (i.e. the difference between the first excited state and the ground state) in energy and chemical potential of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) -- nonlinear Schrodinger equation with cubic nonlinearity -- with repulsive interaction under different trapping potentials including box potential and harmonic potential. Based on our asymptotic and numerical results, we formulate a gap conjecture on the fundamental gaps in energy and chemical potential of the GPE on bounded domains with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, and in the whole space with a convex trapping potential growing at least quadratically in the far field. We then extend these results to the GPE on bounded domains with either the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition or periodic boundary condition.

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• A normalized gradient flow method with attractive-repulsive splitting for computing ground states of Bose-Einstein condensates with higher-order interaction
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• A Jacobi spectral method for computing eigenvalue gaps and their distribution statistics of the fractional Schrödinger operator

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