Graded unipotent groups and Grosshans theory

Abstract: Let

U

be a unipotent group which is graded in the sense that it has an extension

H

by the multiplicative group of the complex numbers such that all the weights of the adjoint action on the Lie algebra of

U

are strictly positive. We study embeddings of

H

in a general linear group

G

which possess Grosshans-like properties. More precisely, suppose

H

acts on a projective variety

X

and its action extends to an action of

G

which is linear with respect to an ample line bundle on

X

. Then, provided that we are willing to twist the linearisation of the action of

H

by a suitable (rational) character of

H

, we find that the

H

-invariants form a finitely generated algebra and hence define a projective variety

X /! / H

; moreover the natural morphism from the semistable locus in

X

to

X /! / H

is surjective, and semistable points in

X

are identified in

X /! / H

if and only if the closures of their

H

-orbits meet in the semistable locus. A similar result applies when we replace

X

by its product with the projective line; this gives us a projective completion of a geometric quotient of a

U

-invariant open subset of

X

by the action of the unipotent group

U

.

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