scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2138318
Special values of automorphic (L)-series, periods of automorphic forms, cohomology, modular symbols (11F67) Dirichlet series in several complex variables associated to automorphic forms; Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series (11F68) Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields (11F70) Other Dirichlet series and zeta functions (11M41)
The authors show that if one twist of fixed order of a \(\text{GL}(2)\) (standard) \(L\)-function has nonzero central value, then infinitely many do. More precisely, let \(n>2\) be a fixed prime, let \(K\) be a number field containing a full set of \(n\)-th roots of unity, let \(S\) be a sufficiently large finite set of places of \(K\), and let \(\Xi(n;S)\) denote the set of idèle class characters of \(K\) of order \(n\) unramified outside \(S\). Let \(\pi\) be a self-contragredient cuspidal automorphic representation of \(\text{GL}(2,{\mathbb A}_K)\) which has trivial central character and is unramified outside \(S\). Then the authors show that if there exists a single idèle class character \(\chi_0\in\Xi(n;S)\) such that \(L(1/2,\pi\otimes\chi_0)\) is nonzero, then there exist infinitely many \(\chi\in\Xi(n;S)\) such that \(L(1/2,\pi\otimes\chi)\) is nonzero. The proof uses the method of multiple Dirichlet series [\textit{D. Bump, S. Friedberg, J. Hoffstein}, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 33, No. 2, 157--175 (1996; Zbl 0865.11043); Contributions to automorphic forms, geometry, and number theory. Papers from the conference in honor of Joseph Shalika on the occasion of his 60th birthday, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, 2002. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 131--162 (2004; Zbl 1154.11322)]. The authors introduce a series of the form \(\sum_{d\neq0} L(s,\pi\otimes \overline{\chi}_{d_0})\varepsilon(d_0)\, P_d(s,\pi) Nd^{-w}\) where \(d_0\) is the \(n\)-th power free part of \(d\), \(\chi_{d_0}\) is an \(n\)-th order character attached to the extension \(K(\root n\of d_0)/K\), \(\varepsilon(d_0)\) is an \(n\)-th order Gauss sum, \(P_d(s,\pi)\) denotes a certain Dirichlet polynomial in the primes dividing \(d\) which is \(1\) when \(d\) is \(n\)-th power free, and \(Nd\) denotes the absolute norm of \(d\). Using ingredients such as the bound of Kim and Shahidi, the authors establish a group of functional equations in the two variables, and use this to continue this series to \(\mathbb C^2\). The continuation, functional equations, and considerations of absolute convergence allow them to derive a contradiction if all but finitely many twists vanish at \(1/2\).
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