scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2174055
backward difference Galerkin schememaximum principleparabolic equationsingular perturbation anisotropic meshsuperconvergencetensor-product finite elementsuniform convergence
Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Finite difference methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M06) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M60)
Solving singular perturbation problems is challenging since the small perturbation parameters lead to computational difficulties. In recent years, the standard finite element methods based on anisotropically refined meshes, which use different scales of mesh size in different subdomains, were proved to give uniform convergence, which is independent of the small perturbation parameters. The author applies arbitrary order tensor-product finite elements on such a highly nonuniform anisotropic mesh to a two-dimensional parabolic equation with two small parameters. The construction of this mesh is mainly based on pointwise derivative estimates of arbitrary order which are obtained by using the maximum principle by carefully choosing all kinds of barrier functions. A fully discrete backward difference Galerkin scheme based on this mesh with arbitrary \(k\)-th (\(k \geq 1\)) order conforming rectangular elements is discussed. Further, with the aid of the integral identity superconvergence technique, the author proves optimal uniform convergence rates of \(O(N^{-(k+1)} + M^{-1})\) in the \(L^2\)-norm, where \(N\) and \(M\) are the number of partitions in the spatial and in time directions, respectively.
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