scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1925977

Publication date 12 February 2004

absolute summability Fourier series Nörlund summability method

Absolute and strong summability (40F05) Summability and absolute summability of Fourier and trigonometric series (42A24)

Review text

Let \(A= (a_{nk})\) be a lower triangular matrix. A series \(\sum_k a_k\) with partial sums \(s_n\) is said to be absolutely \(A\)-summable of order \(k\) (written \(|A|_k\)-summable), if \[ \sum^\infty_{n=1} n^{k-1}\Biggl|\sum^n_{k=0} a_{nk}s_k- \sum^{n-1}_{k=0} a_{n-1,ks_k}\Biggr|^k< \infty. \] The authors give two theorems on the \(|N,p_n|_k\)-summability of the Fourier series \[ {a_0\over 2}+ \sum^\infty_{n=1}(a_n\cos nx+ b_n\sin nx)\sim f(x)\tag{1} \] and the derived series \[ \sum^\infty_{n=1} n(b_n\cos nx- a_n\sin nx)\tag{2} \] of a \(2\pi\)-periodic function \(f\in L(-\pi,\pi)\). Theorem 1: Let \((p_n)\) be a positive sequence such that \((p_n- p_{n-1})\) is bounded, nonincreasing, \((1/p^{k-1}_n P_n)\) is nonincreasing, and \(np_n= O(P_n)\). If \[ \Psi_1(t):= \int^\delta_t u^{-2} \int^u_0 (f(x+ v)+ f(x-v)- 2f(x)) dv du= O(h(t^{-1})) \] and \(\sum^\infty_{n=1} n^k[h(n)]^k/(p^{1-k}_n P_n)< \infty\) (here \(h\) is a positive function with \(u^\beta h(u^{-1})\) nondecrasing for some \(\beta\in (0,1)\)), then the series (1) is \(|N,p_n|_k\)-summable for \(k\geq 1\). Theorem 2: Let \((p_n)\) satisfy the conditions of Theorem 1. If \(\int^\delta_t u^{-1}\Psi_1(u) du= O(h(t^{-1}))\), then the series (2) is \(|N,p_n|_k\)-summable for \(k\geq 1\) (provided \(\Psi_1(u)\) exists). Remember that a Nörlund matrix \(N,p_n\) is a lower triangular matrix with \(a_{nk}:= p_{n-k}/P_n\) (\(0\leq k\leq n\), \(n\in\mathbb{N}_0\)), where \(P_n:= p_0+\cdots+ p_n\).

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