A nonlocal two-phase Stefan problem.

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Abstract: We study a nonlocal version of the two-phase Stefan problem, which models a phase transition problem between two distinct phases evolving to distinct heat equations. Mathematically speaking, this consists in deriving a theory for sign-changing solutions of the equation, ut = J * v - v, v = {Gamma}(u), where the monotone graph is given by {Gamma}(s) = sign(s)(|s|-1)+ . We give general results of existence, uniqueness and comparison, in the spirit of [2]. Then we focus on the study of the asymptotic behaviour for sign-changing solutions, which present challenging difficulties due to the non-monotone evolution of each phase.


In this paper, a nonlocal version of the two-phase Stefan problem is studied. This new nonlocal mathematical model of a phase-transition problem explains the creation and evolution of mushy regions. The authors investigate sign-changing solutions of the equation, which involves a convolution with a continuous nonnegative compactly supported kernel. The basic theory of the model, including existence and uniqueness results, is developed for integrable initial data and for continuous initial data. The asymptotic behavior of sign-changing solutions is investigated in several particular cases. The authors give a criterion which ensures that positive and negative phases will never interact. Then, the asymptotic behavior is given separately by each phase. For the case when some interactions between phases can occur, but only in the mushy region, the authors prove that the asymptotic behavior can be described by a bi-obstacle problem, which has a unique solution in a suitable class.











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