Strata of vector spaces of forms in R = k[x, y], and of rational curves in P^k

DOI10.1007/S00574-014-0070-XMaRDI QIDQ487066zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Anthony Iarrobino

Publication date 19 January 2015

Published in Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society. New Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.1282

zbMATH Keywords

GrassmannianHilbert functionrational curvetangent bundle

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hilbert-Samuel and Hilbert-Kunz functions; Poincaré series (13D40) Commutative Artinian rings and modules, finite-dimensional algebras (13E10) Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles (14D20) Vector bundles on curves and their moduli (14H60)

Abstract: Consider the polynomial ring R=k[x,y] over an infinite field k and the subspace R_j of degree-j homogeneous polynomials. The Grassmanian G=Grass (R_j,d) parametrizes the vector spaces V in R_j having dimension d. The strata Grass_H(R_j,d) in G determined by the Hilbert function H=H(R/(V)) or, equivalently, by the Betti numbers of the algebra R/(V), are locally closed and irreducible of known dimension. We had previously shown also that they satisfy a frontier property that the closure of a stratum is its union with lower strata [I1,I2]. Each stratum corresponds to a partition, and the the poset of strata under closure is isomorphic to the poset of corresponding partitions in the Bruhat order. They are coarser than the strata defined by D. Cox, A. Kustin, C. Polini, and B.Ulrich [CKPU] recently that are determined in part by singularities of the rational curve determined by V. We explain these results and give examples to make them more accessible. We also generalize a result of D. Cox, T. Sederberg and F. Chen [CSC] and another of C. D'Andrea [D] concerning the dimension and closure of families of parametrized rational curves from planar to higher dimensional embeddings.

Review text

The author considers the polynomial ring \(R=K[x,y]\) over an infinite field \(K\), the subspaces \(R_j\) of degree-\(j\) homogeneous polynomials and the Grassmannians \(\mathrm{Grass}(R_j,d)\) parametrizing the vector spaces \(V \subset R_j\) having dimension \(d\) and then the rational curves \(\phi _V : \mathbb P ^1 \rightarrow \mathbb P ^{d-1}\) of degree \(j\). The restricted tangent bundle \(T_V = \phi _V ^* ( T_{\mathbb P ^{d-1}})\) on \(\mathbb P^1\) has a decomposition \(T_V= \bigoplus _{i=1}^{d-1} \mathcal O (k_i)\). By using the Euler exact sequence on \(\mathbb P ^{d-1}\) and the minimal free resolution of \((V) \subset R\), one can see that knowing the splitting type \(k_1, \ldots , k_{d-1}\) of the restricted tangent bundle \(T_V\) is equivalent to knowing the Betti numbers of \((V) \subset R\) or equivalently to knowing the column degrees of the \(d \times (d-1)\) Hilbert-Burch relation matrix among the generators of \(V\). That is also equivalent to knowing the Hilbert function of the algebra \(R/(V)\). A purpose of this paper is to recall, illustrate and extend some of the properties of the stratification of \(\mathrm{Grass}(R_j,d)\) by the Hilbert functions that the author studied in [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 188, 112 p. (1977; Zbl 0355.14001)] and [J. Algebra 272, No. 2, 530--580 (2004; Zbl 1119.13015)]. A finer stratification determined by singularities of the rational curves is considered by \textit{D. Cox, A. Kustin, C. Polini} and \textit{B. Ulrich} in [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 1045, v-ix, 116 p. (2013; Zbl 1305.14014)], the methods illustrated by the author would be extend to this stratification and the author poses some open questions. A description of the strata defined by the splitting type of the restricted tangent bundle of rational curves in \(\mathbb P^n\) can be found in [\textit{L. Ramella}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 311, No. 3, 181--184 (1990; Zbl 0721.14014)]. Furthermore the author generalizes results of \textit{D. A. Cox} et al. [Comput. Aided Geom. Des. 15, No. 8, 803--827 (1998; Zbl 0908.68174)] and \textit{C. D'Andrea} [Commun. Algebra 32, No. 1, 159--165 (2004; Zbl 1058.14070)] concerning the dimension and closure of \(\mu\) families of parametrized rational curves from planar to higher dimensional embeddings.

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Cited in

(9)

• Ancestor ideals of vector spaces of forms, and level algebras.
• Strata of rational space curves
• The singular points of a rational plane curve and its restricted tangent bundle
• \(\mathrm{PGL}(2)\) actions on Grassmannians and projective construction of rational curves with given restricted tangent bundle
• The tangent bundle restricted to a rational curve spanning \(\mathbb{P}^3\)
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