The final fate of spherical inhomogeneous dust collapse

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/13/3/019zbMATH Open0849.53069arXivgr-qc/9409062OpenAlexW3105919049MaRDI QIDQ4873097FDOQ4873097

Authors:

Publication date: 10 November 1996

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We examine the role of the initial density and velocity distribution in the gravitational collapse of a spherical inhomogeneous dust cloud. Such a collapse is described by the Tolman-Bondi metric which has two free functions: the `mass-function' and the `energy function', which are determined by the initial density and velocity profile of the cloud. The collapse can end in a black-hole or a naked singularity, depending on the initial parameters characterizing these profiles. In the marginally bound case, we find that the collapse ends in a naked singularity if the leading non-vanishing derivative of the density at the center is either the first one or the second one. If the first two derivatives are zero, and the third derivative non-zero, the singularity could either be naked or covered, depending on a quantity determined by the third derivative and the central density. If the first three derivatives are zero, the collapse ends in a black hole. In particular, the classic result of Oppenheimer and Snyder, that homogeneous dust collapse leads to a black hole, is recovered as a special case. Analogous results are found when the cloud is not marginally bound, and also for the case of a cloud starting from rest. We also show how the strength of the naked singularity depends on the density and velocity distribution. Our analysis generalizes and simplifies the earlier work of Christodoulou and Newman [4,5] by dropping the assumption of evenness of density functions. It turns out that relaxing this assumption allows for a smooth transition from the naked singularity phase to the black-hole phase, and also allows for the occurrence of strong curvature naked singularities.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9409062

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zbMATH Keywords

black holenaked singularitystrong curvature naked singularitiesgravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust cloudinitial density and velocity distributionsTolman-Bondi metric

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of differential geometry to physics (53Z05) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Black holes (83C57) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75)

Cited In (30)

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• INHOMOGENEOUS DUST COLLAPSE WITH COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT
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• ANALYSIS OF TRAPPED SURFACES IN HIGHER DIMENSIONAL DUST COLLAPSE
• Are Naked Singularities Forbidden by the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
• Naked singularity of the Vaidya-de Sitter spacetime and cosmic censorship conjecture
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• Lemaitre–Tolman–Bondi dust cloud collapse in Brans–Dicke gravity
• Time dependent geometry in massive gravity
• Spherical domain wall collapse in a dust universe
• The Weyl tensor and equilibrium configurations of self-gravitating fluids
• Can we distinguish black holes from naked singularities by the images of their accretion disks?
• Naked singularity formation in \(f(\mathcal R)\) gravity
• Gravitational collapse of inhomogeneous dust in (2+1) dimensions
• The Geometry of Collapsing Isotropic Fluids
• Gravitational collapse in energy-momentum squared gravity: nature of singularities

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