Asymptotic behavior of solutions of a reaction diffusion equation with free boundary conditions

DOI10.1007/S10884-014-9404-ZzbMATH Open1328.35329arXiv1406.4629OpenAlexW2097505962WikidataQ115383527 ScholiaQ115383527MaRDI QIDQ487950FDOQ487950

Authors: Jingjing Cai, Bendong Lou, Maolin Zhou 

Publication date: 23 January 2015

Published in: Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study a nonlinear diffusion equation of the form $u_t=u_{xx}+f(u)(xin[g(t),h(t)])$ with free boundary conditions $g^{\prime }(t)=-u_x(t,g(t))+alpha$ and $h^{\prime }(t)=-u_x(t,g(t))-alpha$ for some $alpha>0$. Such problems may be used to describe the spreading of a biological or chemical species, with the free boundaries representing the expanding fronts. When $alpha=0$, the problem was recently investigated by cite{DuLin, DuLou}. In this paper we consider the case $alpha>0$. In this case shrinking (i.e. $h(t)-g(t)o0$) may happen, which is quite different from the case $alpha=0$. Moreover, we show that, under certain conditions on $f$, shrinking is equivalent to vanishing (i.e. $uo0$), both of them happen as $t$ tends to some finite time. On the other hand, every bounded and positive time-global solution converges to a nonzero stationary solution as $toinfty$. As applications, we consider monostable and bistable types of nonlinearities, and obtain a complete description on the asymptotic behavior of the solutions.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.4629

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zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic behaviorfree boundary problemcombustionnonlinear diffusion equationbistablemonostable

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Semilinear parabolic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35K91)

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