Closed symmetric 2-differentials of the 1st kind
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Abstract: A closed symmetric differential of the 1st kind is a differential that locally is the product of closed holomorphic 1-forms. We show that closed symmetric 2-differentials of the 1st kind on a projective manifold come from maps of to cyclic or dihedral quotients of Abelian varieties and that their presence implies that the fundamental group of (case of rank 2) or of the complement of a divisor with negative properties (case of rank 1) contains subgroup of finite index with infinite abelianization. Other results include: i) the identification of the differential operator characterizing closed symmetric 2-differentials on surfaces (which provides in this case a connection to flat Riemannian metrics) and ii) projective manifolds having symmetric 2-differentials that are the product of two closed meromorphic 1-forms are irregular, in fact if is not of the 1st kind (which can happen), then has a fibration over a curve of genus .
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