Inference with interference between units in an fMRI experiment of motor inhibition

DOI10.1080/01621459.2012.655954MaRDI QIDQ4916487zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Xi Luo, Dylan S. Small, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Paul Rosenbaum

Publication date 22 April 2013

Published in Journal of the American Statistical Association (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.6560, http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4618394

zbMATH Keywords

Causal inferenceFixed effectsLongitudinal dataMarriage premiumUnobserved confoundersUnobserved variables.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis (62P10) Probabilistic models, generic numerical methods in probability and statistics (65C20) Cognitive psychology (91E10) Neural biology (92C20)

Abstract: An experimental unit is an opportunity to randomly apply or withhold a treatment. There is interference between units if the application of the treatment to one unit may also affect other units. In cognitive neuroscience, a common form of experiment presents a sequence of stimuli or requests for cognitive activity at random to each experimental subject and measures biological aspects of brain activity that follow these requests. Each subject is then many experimental units, and interference between units within an experimental subject is likely, in part because the stimuli follow one another quickly and in part because human subjects learn or become experienced or primed or bored as the experiment proceeds. We use a recent fMRI experiment concerned with the inhibition of motor activity to illustrate and further develop recently proposed methodology for inference in the presence of interference. A simulation evaluates the power of competing procedures.

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Cited in

(9)

• Bipartite causal inference with interference
• Average treatment effects in the presence of unknown interference
• Robust causal inference for incremental return on ad spend with randomized paired geo experiments
• Estimating causal effects in studies of human brain function: new models, methods and estimands
• Interference and sensitivity analysis
• Large sample randomization inference of causal effects in the presence of interference
• Randomization inference for peer effects
• Time series experiments and causal estimands: exact randomization tests and trading
• Multilevel mediation analysis with structured unmeasured mediator-outcome confounding

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