scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1408466
The paper is a survey of some recent results of V. Brînzănescu and his students M. Aprodu and V. Vuletescu, and of M. Toma on two problems: existence of holomorphic vector bundles on nonalgebraic compact complex surfaces and existence of stable rank-2 vector bundles on ruled surfaces. Let \(E\) be a holomorphic vector bundle of rank \(r\geq 2\) on a nonalgebraic compact complex surface \(X\). \textit{C. Bănică} and \textit{J. Le Potier} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 378, 1-31 (1987; Zbl 0624.32017)] have shown that \(\Delta (E):=c_2(E)-\frac{r-1}{2r}c_1^2(E)\geq 0\) (in contrast to the algebraic case when \(\Delta (E)\) may also take negative values). \textit{V. Vuletescu} [An. Univ. Bucureşti Mat. 46, 97-100 (1997)] has improved this inequality to \(\chi (E)\leq r\chi ({\mathcal O}_X)\). The main open question is whether the conditions \(c_1(E)\in NS(X)\) and \(\Delta (E)\geq 0\) suffice to ensure the existence of holomorphic vector bundles on \(X\) (for \(X\) minimal). This question was recently affirmatively answered in the case \(r=2\) on complex 2-tori by M. Toma and for arbitrary rank on primary Kodaira surfaces in a joint work of M. Aprodu, V. Brînzănescu and M. Toma. Let now \(X\) be a ruled surface, \(H\) a polarization on \(X\) and \(M_H(c_1, c_2)\) the moduli space of \(H\)-stable rank 2 vector bundles on \(X\) with Chern classes \(c_1\), \(c_2\). The dependence of this moduli space on \(H\) is encoded in a decomposition of the ample cone of \(X\) into chambers and walls [see \textit{Z. Qin}, J. Differ. Geom. 37, No. 2, 397-415 (1993; Zbl 0802.14005) ]. \textit{M. Aprodu} and \textit{V. Brînzănescu} [Rev. Roum. Math. Pures Appl. 43, No. 1-2, 47-56 (1998) and Nagoya Math. J. 154, 111-122 (1999)] settled completely the question of the non-emptyness of \(M_H(c_1, c_2)\) when \(H\) belongs to a chamber and partially when \(H\) belongs to a wall. Their proof is based on a description of rank-2 vector bundles on a ruled surface due to \textit{V. Brînzănescu} and \textit{M. Stoia} [Rev. Roum. Math. Pures. Appl. 29, 661-673 (1984; Zbl 0547.14005)].
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