scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1424087
The Sendov conjecture asserts that if all the zeros \(z_k\) of a complex polynomial \(p\) lie in the closed unit disc, then in every disc \(K(z_k,1)\) lies at least one critical point \(\xi_l\) of \(p\) (critical points are the zeros of \(p'(z)\)). This conjecture posed in 1962 is still open. In this paper the Sendov conjecture for the class of polynomials with real coefficients and real critical points is studied. The existence of extremal polynomials is proved and some of their properties are derived. For these polynomials the conjecture is proved for arbitrary degree \(n\), but at most \(M\) distinct zeros. Theorem. If \(p(z)= \prod_{k=1}^M (z-z_k)^{n_k}\) is an extremal polynomial with real coefficients and real critical points where \(M= M(n)\) is the natural number given by the formula \[ M= 2+ \Biggl[ \Biggl[ \min_{0< a< 1} \biggl\{ \frac{2\log\psi (a,n)} {\log \varphi(a)}\biggl\} \Biggr] \Biggr], \] with \[ \psi(a,n)= \frac{n(1-a) (1+a^2)+ 2a(1-a+a^2)} {2a(1+ a-a^2)}, \qquad \varphi(a)= 1- a^2+ a^4+ \frac{a(1-a^2) (2+a^2)} {\sqrt{1+ 2a^2}} \] and \(x=\) integer part of \(x\), then for \(p(z)\) such polynomial the Sendov conjecture is true, that is in every disk \(K(z_k,1)\) lie at least one critical point \(\xi_l\) of \(p(z)\). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0930.00030].
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