scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1421102
A complex valued function \(f\) defined on the set of vertices of a (locally finite) graph \(G\) is called \(\lambda\)-harmonic, for a complex number \(\lambda\), if for every vertex \(x\) of the graph, the average value of \(f\) at the neighbors of \(x\) is equal to \(\lambda f(x)\). In the special case where \(G\) is the incidence graph of a geometry of rank \(n\), each vertex has a certain type \(i\), \(i\in\{1,2, \dots,n\}\), and we may weaken the above definition as follows. A complex valued function \(f\) on the set of vertices of \(G\) is \(\Lambda\)-harmonic, \(\Lambda= (\lambda_1, \lambda_2,\dots, \lambda_n)\) with all \(\lambda_i\) complex numbers, if the average value of \(f\) at the neighbors of any vertex \(x\) of any type \(i\) equals \(\lambda_if(x)\). Now, a result of \textit{S. Kato} [Math. Ann. 257, 1-7 (1981; Zbl 0461.43016)] implies the classification of all \(\lambda\)-harmonic functions when \(G\) is the incidence graph of an irreducible locally finite affine Bruhat-Tits building (all such functions are given by an integral with respect to an additive measure on the algebra of open and closed subsets -- with respect to natural totally disconnected compact topology -- of the building at infinity). In the rank 3 case, there exist irreducible locally finite affine buildings which are not Bruhat-Tits buildings (so-called non-classical ones; in fact the reviewer constructed the first examples of such in the beginning of 1984). These are not covered by Kato's result. However, A. M. Mantero and A. Zappa extend in two yet unpublished papers the above classification to the non-classical locally finite rank 3 case. Moreover, they show a similar classification theorem for locally finite homogeneous trees (which are particular examples of affine buildings of rank 2) [Contemp. Math. 206, 141-143 (1997; Zbl 0890.51009)]. The paper under review contains an attempt to prove the above cited classifications in a uniform way for all irreducible locally finite affine buildings of type \(\widetilde A\) (in the rank 2 case additionally assuming homogeneity). It turns out that the author does not fully attain his goal. However, he gives new proofs for ranks 2 and 3, while a lot of information is given in the general case. It seems to the reviewer that the assumption on homogeneity of the trees could be weakened to semi-homogeneity. This would be the right generalization to the rank 2 case of the results of Kato in the general case, and of Mantero and Zappa in the rank 3 case. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0930.00053].
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