Persistent age distributions for an age‐structured two‐sex population model*
The author formulates an age-structured two-sex population model which takes into account a monogamous marriage rule and the duration of marriage. The author is mainly concerned with the existence of exponential solutions with a persistent age distribution. First he provides a semigroup method to deal with the time-evolution problem of a two-sex population model designed by the author. Next, by constructing a fixed point mapping, he proves the existence of exponential solutions under homogeneity conditions. However it is also clear that in most Western countries the first marriage assumption mentioned above does not hold and is far from reality. Hence in this paper the author removes this restrictive assumption and again considers the existence problem of exponential solutions for the nonlinear age-structured two-sex population model. This problem is partly answered by \textit{J. Prüss} and \textit{W. Shappacher} [J. Math. Biol. 33, 17-33 (1994; Zbl 0830.92020)] in a slightly different formulation under the assumption that the marriage function is harmonic: \[ 2k(a,b) \frac{S_{m}(t,a) S_{f}(t,b)}{\int_{0}^{\propto} S_{m}(t,a) da + \int_{0}^{\propto} S_{f}(t,b) db}, \] where \(S_{m}\) and \(S_{f}\) denote the age density of the single males and females, respectively. The proof presented in the paper will not depend on such a special formula for the marriage function. In what follows, first its well-posedness is proved a general formulation of the two-sex marriage model has been developed and by using the semigroup method. Next the existence of exponential solutions under homogeneity conditions is shown. Finally the author proposes another formulation of the marriage model and discusses some open problems which could be approached by this alternative formulation.
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