Asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalue of a linear second order elliptic operator with small/large diffusion coefficient

DOI10.1137/18M1217577MaRDI QIDQ4972017zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Rui Peng, Maolin Zhou, Guanghui Zhang

Publication date 22 November 2019

Published in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.10815

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic behaviorboundary conditionelliptic operatorprincipal eigenvaluesmall/large diffusion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational methods for second-order elliptic equations (35J20) Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15)

Abstract: In this article, we are concerned with the following eigenvalue problem of a linear second order elliptic operator: �egin{equation}

onumber -DDelta phi -2alpha abla m(x)cdot

ablaphi+V(x)phi=lambdaphi hbox{ in }Omega, end{equation} complemented by a general boundary condition including Dirichlet boundary condition and Robin boundary condition: ${\displaystyle }$ frac{partialphi}{partial n}+�eta(x)phi=0 hbox{ on }partialOmega, ${\displaystyle }$ where $$ allows to be positive, sign-changing or negative, and $n(x)$ is the unit exterior normal to $partialOmega$ at $x$. The domain $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^N$ is bounded and smooth, the constants $D>0$ and $alpha>0$ are, respectively, the diffusive and advection coefficients, and $$ are given functions. We aim to investigate the asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalue of the above eigenvalue problem as the diffusive coefficient $Do0$ or $Doinfty$. Our results, together with those of cite{CL2,DF,Fr} where the Nuemann boundary case (i.e., $$ on $partialOmega$) and Dirichlet boundary case were studied, reveal the important effect of advection and boundary conditions on the asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalue. We also apply our results to a reaction-diffusion-advection equation which is used to describe the evolution of a single species living in a heterogeneous stream environment and show some interesting behaviors of the species persistence and extinction caused by the buffer zone and small/large diffusion rate.

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Cited in

(39)

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• The asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalue in a singular perturbation problem with invariant boundaries
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