An effective Hamiltonian for the eigenvalue asymptotics of the Robin Laplacian with a large parameter

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2016.03.005MaRDI QIDQ304873zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Konstantin Pankrashkin, Nicolas Popoff

Publication date 26 August 2016

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.00877

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic of eigenvaluesLaplacianmean curvatureRobin boundary conditionsemi-classical Schrödinger operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Asymptotic distributions of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P20) Variational methods for eigenvalues of operators (49R05) Spectral theory; eigenvalue problems on manifolds (58C40)

Abstract: We consider the Laplacian on a class of smooth domains $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^u$, $uge2$, with attractive Robin boundary conditions: [ Q^Omega_alpha u=-Delta u, quad dfrac{partial u}{partial n}=alpha u ext{ on } partialOmega, alpha>0, ] where $n$ is the outer unit normal, and study the asymptotics of its eigenvalues $E_j(Q^{O}meg{a}_{a}lpha)$ as well as some other spectral properties for $alphao+infty$ We work with both compact domains and non-compact ones with a suitable behavior at infinity. For domains with compact $C^2$ boundaries and fixed $j$, we show that [ E_{j}(Q^Omega_alpha)=-alpha^2+mu_j(alpha)+{mathcal O}(log alpha), ] where $m{u}_j(alpha)$ is the $j^{mboxth}$ eigenvalue, as soon as it exists, of $-Delt{a}_S-(u-1)alphaH$ with $(-Delt{a}_S)$ and $H$ being respectively the positive Laplace-Beltrami operator and the mean curvature on $partialOmega$. Analogous results are obtained for a class of domains with non-compact boundaries. In particular, we discuss the existence of eigenvalues in non-compact domains and the existence of spectral gaps for periodic domains. We also show that the remainder estimate can be improved under stronger regularity assumptions. The effective Hamiltonian $-Delt{a}_S-(u-1)alphaH$ enters the framework of semi-classical Schr"odinger operators on manifolds, and we provide the asymptotics of its eigenvalues in the limit $alphao+infty$ under various geometrical assumptions. In particular, we describe several cases for which our asymptotics provides gaps between the eigenvalues of $Q^{O}meg{a}_{a}lpha$ for large $alpha$.

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