Electrical networks and Lie theory

DOI10.2140/ANT.2015.9.1401MaRDI QIDQ500223zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Thomas Lam, Pavlo Pylyavskyy

Publication date 1 October 2015

Published in Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3475

zbMATH Keywords

delta-wye transformationelectrical networkLie algebraSerre relation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of graph theory (05C90) Analytic circuit theory (94C05)

Abstract: We introduce a new class of "electrical" Lie groups. These Lie groups, or more precisely their nonnegative parts, act on the space of planar electrical networks via combinatorial operations previously studied by Curtis-Ingerman-Morrow. The corresponding electrical Lie algebras are obtained by deforming the Serre relations of a semisimple Lie algebra in a way suggested by the star-triangle transformation of electrical networks. Rather surprisingly, we show that the type A electrical Lie group is isomorphic to the symplectic group. The nonnegative part (EL_{2n})_{geq 0} of the electrical Lie group is a rather precise analogue of the totally nonnegative subsemigroup (U_{n})_{geq 0} of the unipotent subgroup of SL_{n}. We establish decomposition and parametrization results for (EL_{2n})_{geq 0}, paralleling Lusztig's work in total nonnegativity, and work of Curtis-Ingerman-Morrow and de Verdi`{e}re-Gitler-Vertigan for networks. Finally, we suggest a generalization of electrical Lie algebras to all Dynkin types.

Review text

This paper introduces a new class of electrical Lie groups. The nonnegative parts of these Lie groups act on the planar electrical networks via combinatorial operations studied in [\textit{E. B. Curtis} et al., Linear Algebra Appl. 283, No. 1--3, 115--150 (1998; Zbl 0931.05051)]. The electrical Lie algebras are produced by deforming the Serre relations of a semisimple Lie algebra in a manner inspired by the star-triangle or delta-wye transformation from the theory of electrical networks. Decomposition and parameterization results are established that parallel those in [\textit{G. Lusztig}, Prog. Math. 123, 531--568 (1994; Zbl 0845.20034)] and [\textit{Y. Colin de Verdière} et al., Comment. Math. Helv. 71, No. 1, 144--167 (1996; Zbl 0853.05074)]. A generalization of electrical Lie algebras to all Dynkin types is also indicated.

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