Traveling wave solutions to the multilayer free boundary incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

DOI10.1137/20M1360670MaRDI QIDQ5014288zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Noah Stevenson, Ian Tice

Publication date 1 December 2021

Published in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.07435

zbMATH Keywords

traveling wavesinternal wavesfree boundary Navier-Stokes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Overdetermined boundary value problems for PDEs and systems of PDEs (35N25) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible viscous fluids (76D45) Waves for incompressible viscous fluids (76D33)

Abstract: For a natural number $mge2$, we study $m$ layers of finite depth, horizontally infinite, viscous, and incompressible fluid bounded below by a flat rigid bottom. Adjacent layers meet at free interface regions, and the top layer is bounded above by a free boundary as well. A uniform gravitational field, normal to the rigid bottom, acts on the fluid. We assume that the fluid mass densities are strictly decreasing from bottom to top and consider the cases with and without surface tension acting on the free surfaces. In addition to these gravity-capillary effects, we allow a force to act on the bulk and external stress tensors to act on the free interface regions. Both of these additional forces are posited to be in traveling wave form: time-independent when viewed in a coordinate system moving at a constant, nontrivial velocity parallel to the lower rigid boundary. Without surface tension in the case of two dimensional fluids and with all positive surface tensions in the higher dimensional cases, we prove that for each sufficiently small force and stress tuple there exists a traveling wave solution. The existence of traveling wave solutions to the one layer configuration ($m=1$) was recently established and, to the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first construction of traveling wave solutions to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the $m$-layer arrangement.

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Cited in

(11)

• Periodic gravity-capillary roll wave solutions to the inclined viscous shallow water equations in two dimensions
• The traveling wave problem for the shallow water equations: well-posedness and the limits of vanishing viscosity and surface tension
• On a scale of anisotropic Sobolev spaces
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