Traveling Wave Solutions to the Free Boundary Incompressible Navier‐Stokes Equations
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Publication:6074557
free boundaryincompressible Navier-Stokes equationsmoving upper boundariesoverdetermined Stokes problemsurface tensiontraveling velocity
Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Overdetermined boundary value problems for PDEs and systems of PDEs (35N25) Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Moving boundary problems for PDEs (35R37) Boundary value problems for PDEs with pseudodifferential operators (35S15) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Stokes and related (Oseen, etc.) flows (76D07) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible viscous fluids (76D45)
Abstract: In this paper we study a finite-depth layer of viscous incompressible fluid in dimension , modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations. The fluid is assumed to be bounded below by a flat rigid surface and above by a free, moving interface. A uniform gravitational field acts perpendicularly to the flat surface, and we consider the cases with and without surface tension acting on the free interface. In addition to these gravity-capillary effects, we allow for a second force field in the bulk and an external stress tensor on the free interface, both of which are posited to be in traveling wave form, i.e. time-independent when viewed in a coordinate system moving at a constant velocity parallel to the rigid lower boundary. We prove that, with surface tension in dimension and without surface tension in dimension , for every nontrivial traveling velocity there exists a nonempty open set of force and stress data that give rise to traveling wave solutions. While the existence of inviscid traveling waves is well known, to the best of our knowledge this is the first construction of viscous traveling wave solutions. Our proof involves a number of novel analytic ingredients, including: the study of an over-determined Stokes problem and its under-determined adjoint, a delicate asymptotic development of the symbol for a normal-stress to normal-Dirichlet map defined via the Stokes operator, a new scale of specialized anisotropic Sobolev spaces, and the study of a pseudodifferential operator that synthesizes the various operators acting on the free surface functions.
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Cited in
(14)- Continuation of travelling-wave solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations
- Traveling wave solutions to the multilayer free boundary incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
- Traveling wave solutions to the inclined or periodic free boundary incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
- Traveling wave solutions to the one-phase Muskat problem: existence and stability
- On a scale of anisotropic Sobolev spaces
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