The Combinatorics of Plane Curve Singularities

DOI10.1007/978-3-030-53061-7_1zbMATH Open1482.14034arXiv1909.06974OpenAlexW3168814124MaRDI QIDQ5014451FDOQ5014451

García Evelia R. Barroso, Patrick Popescu-Pampu, P. D. González Pérez

Publication date: 2 December 2021

Published in: Handbook of Geometry and Topology of Singularities I (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This survey may be seen as an introduction to the use of toric and tropical geometry in the analysis of plane curve singularities, which are germs $(C,o)$ of complex analytic curves contained in a smooth complex analytic surface $S$. The embedded topological type of such a pair $(S,C)$ is usually defined to be that of the oriented link obtained by intersecting $C$ with a sufficiently small oriented Euclidean sphere centered at the point $o$, defined once a system of local coordinates $(x,y)$ was chosen on the germ $(S,o)$. If one works more generally over an arbitrary algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, one speaks instead of the combinatorial type of $(S,C)$. One may define it by looking either at the Newton-Puiseux series associated to $C$ relative to a generic local coordinate system $(x,y)$, or at the set of infinitely near points which have to be blown up in order to get the minimal embedded resolution of the germ $(C,o)$ or, thirdly, at the preimage of this germ by the resolution. Each point of view leads to a different encoding of the combinatorial type by a decorated tree: an Eggers-Wall tree, an Enriques diagram, or a weighted dual graph. The three trees contain the same information, which in the complex setting is equivalent to the knowledge of the embedded topological type. There are known algorithms for transforming one tree into another. In this paper we explain how a special type of two-dimensional simplicial complex called a lotus allows to think geometrically about the relations between the three types of trees. Namely, all of them embed in a natural lotus, their numerical decorations appearing as invariants of it. This lotus is constructed from the finite set of Newton polygons created during any process of resolution of $(C,o)$ by successive toric modifications.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.06974

zbMATH Keywords

plane curve singularitiesEnriques diagramNewton-Puiseux seriesEggers-Wall treeembedded topological typeNewton polygons.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25) Combinatorial aspects of tropical varieties (14T15) Singularities in algebraic geometry (14B05) Global theory and resolution of singularities (algebro-geometric aspects) (14E15) Singularities of curves, local rings (14H20) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to algebraic geometry (14-02) Complex surface and hypersurface singularities (32S25)

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