Resolving singularities of curves with one toric morphism

DOI10.1007/S00208-022-02504-7MaRDI QIDQ6061990zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ana Belén de Felipe, P. D. González Pérez, Hussein Mourtada

Publication date 31 October 2023

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.11276

zbMATH Keywords

curve singularities divisorial valuations Eggers-Wall trees local tropicalizations toric resolutions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Global theory and resolution of singularities (algebro-geometric aspects) (14E15) Arcs and motivic integration (14E18) Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25)

Abstract: We give an explicit positive answer, in the case of reduced curve singularities, to a question of B. Teissier about the existence of a toric embedded resolution after reembedding. In the case of a curve singularity

(C, O)

contained in a non singular surface

S

such a reembedding may be defined in terms of a sequence of maximal contact curves of the minimal embedded resolution of

C

. We prove that there exists a toric modification, after reembedding, which provides an embedded resolution of

C

. We use properties of the semivaluation space of

S

at

O

to describe how the dual graph of the minimal embedded resolution of

C

may be seen on the local tropicalization of

S

associated to this reembedding.

Review text

This paper gives a positive answer to a question of B. Teissier in the case of reduced curve singularities. \textit{B. Teissier} [Math. Sci. Res. Inst. Publ. 51, 211--246 (2004; Zbl 1120.14044)] asks the following question: Given a reduced and equidimensional algebraic or formal space \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\), is it true that for every point \(x \in X\) there is a local formal embedding of \((X, x)\) into an affine space \((\mathbb{A}^m, 0)\) and a toric structure on \(\mathbb{A}^m\) such that \((X, x) \subset (\mathbb{A}^m, 0)\) can be resolved by one toric morphism? In order to answer this question, the approach of authors is very explicit and constructive: they consider a reduced plane curve singularity \(C\) at a point \(O\). They take a minimal generating sequence \((x_0, \dots, x_m)\) of the divisorial valuations defined by those prime exceptional divisors of the minimal embedded resolution \(\psi\) of \(C\) which intersect the strict transform of \(C\). Then, they prove that the tuple of functions \((x_0, \cdots, x_m)\) defines an embedding of the triple \((O, C, \mathbb{A}^2(k))\) that satisfies the properties of Teissier's question. In order to prove the main results, the authors consider the local tropicalization of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) associated with the tuple of functions \((x_0, \dots, x_m)\). This consists of the tuples \((\nu(x_0), \dots, \nu(x_m)) \in \mathbb{R}^{m+1}_{\geq 0}\), where \(\nu\) runs through the semivaluations of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) at the closed point \(O\) of \(C\), which take finite values on \(x_0, \dots, x_m\). They show that this set is the support of a fan \(\mathcal{T}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^{m+1}\) consisting of at most two dimensional cones. Then, they study the initial ideals associated to the ideal \(I\) defining the embedding \(\mathbb{A}^2(k) \hookrightarrow \mathbb{A}^{m+1}(k)\) with respect to weight vectors \(w\) in the support of \(\mathcal{T}\). The key step is to prove that the ideal \(I\) is Newton non degenerate, which is done, by applying some results in [\textit{F. Aroca} et al., Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat., Ser. A Mat., RACSAM 107, No. 1, 221--239 (2013; Zbl 1262.14041)], using the properties of expansions in terms of generating sequences. If \(Y\) denotes the image of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) after reembedding, they show there exists a toric modification \(\pi\) of \(\mathbb{A}^{m+1}(k)\), defined by a regular fan supported on \(\mathbb{R}^{m+1}_{\geq 0}\) which induces a regularization of the fan \(\mathcal{T}\), and such that the restriction of \(\pi\) to the strict transform \(Y'\) of \(Y\) is an embedded resolution of \(C\). Besides providing an answer to Teissier's question for plane curve singularities, this paper exhibit the beautiful interplay among semivaluation spaces, resolution of singularities, toric geometry and tropical geometry, which may shed some light on higher dimensional generalizations.

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