Resolving singularities of curves with one toric morphism (Q6061990)

This paper gives a positive answer to a question of B. Teissier in the case of reduced curve singularities. \textit{B. Teissier} [Math. Sci. Res. Inst. Publ. 51, 211--246 (2004; Zbl 1120.14044)] asks the following question: Given a reduced and equidimensional algebraic or formal space \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\), is it true that for every point \(x \in X\) there is a local formal embedding of \((X, x)\) into an affine space \((\mathbb{A}^m, 0)\) and a toric structure on \(\mathbb{A}^m\) such that \((X, x) \subset (\mathbb{A}^m, 0)\) can be resolved by one toric morphism? In order to answer this question, the approach of authors is very explicit and constructive: they consider a reduced plane curve singularity \(C\) at a point \(O\). They take a minimal generating sequence \((x_0, \dots, x_m)\) of the divisorial valuations defined by those prime exceptional divisors of the minimal embedded resolution \(\psi\) of \(C\) which intersect the strict transform of \(C\). Then, they prove that the tuple of functions \((x_0, \cdots, x_m)\) defines an embedding of the triple \((O, C, \mathbb{A}^2(k))\) that satisfies the properties of Teissier's question. In order to prove the main results, the authors consider the local tropicalization of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) associated with the tuple of functions \((x_0, \dots, x_m)\). This consists of the tuples \((\nu(x_0), \dots, \nu(x_m)) \in \mathbb{R}^{m+1}_{\geq 0}\), where \(\nu\) runs through the semivaluations of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) at the closed point \(O\) of \(C\), which take finite values on \(x_0, \dots, x_m\). They show that this set is the support of a fan \(\mathcal{T}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^{m+1}\) consisting of at most two dimensional cones. Then, they study the initial ideals associated to the ideal \(I\) defining the embedding \(\mathbb{A}^2(k) \hookrightarrow \mathbb{A}^{m+1}(k)\) with respect to weight vectors \(w\) in the support of \(\mathcal{T}\). The key step is to prove that the ideal \(I\) is Newton non degenerate, which is done, by applying some results in [\textit{F. Aroca} et al., Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat., Ser. A Mat., RACSAM 107, No. 1, 221--239 (2013; Zbl 1262.14041)], using the properties of expansions in terms of generating sequences. If \(Y\) denotes the image of \(\mathbb{A}^2(k)\) after reembedding, they show there exists a toric modification \(\pi\) of \(\mathbb{A}^{m+1}(k)\), defined by a regular fan supported on \(\mathbb{R}^{m+1}_{\geq 0}\) which induces a regularization of the fan \(\mathcal{T}\), and such that the restriction of \(\pi\) to the strict transform \(Y'\) of \(Y\) is an embedded resolution of \(C\). Besides providing an answer to Teissier's question for plane curve singularities, this paper exhibit the beautiful interplay among semivaluation spaces, resolution of singularities, toric geometry and tropical geometry, which may shed some light on higher dimensional generalizations.