The varieties of minimal tomographically complete measurements

DOI10.1142/S0219749920400055zbMATH Open1486.81024arXiv1812.08762OpenAlexW3096781722MaRDI QIDQ5037896FDOQ5037896

Authors: John B. DeBrota, Christopher A. Fuchs, Blake C. Stacey 

Publication date: 4 March 2022

Published in: International Journal of Quantum Information (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Minimal Informationally Complete quantum measurements, or MICs, illuminate the structure of quantum theory and how it departs from the classical. Central to this capacity is their role as tomographically complete measurements with the fewest possible number of outcomes for a given finite dimension. Despite their advantages, little is known about them. We establish general properties of MICs, explore constructions of several classes of them, and make some developments to the theory of MIC Gram matrices. These Gram matrices turn out to be a rich subject of inquiry, relating linear algebra, number theory and probability. Among our results are some equivalent conditions for unbiased MICs, a characterization of rank-1 MICs through the Hadamard product, several ways in which immediate properties of MICs capture the abandonment of classical phase space intuitions, and a numerical study of MIC Gram matrix spectra. We also present, to our knowledge, the first example of an unbiased rank-1 MIC which is not group covariant. This work provides further context to the discovery that the symmetric informationally complete quantum measurements (SICs) are in many ways optimal among MICs. In a deep sense, the ideal measurements of quantum physics are not orthogonal bases.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.08762

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zbMATH Keywords

measurementtomographyPOVMGram matrixnonclassicalitySIC

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boolean and Hadamard matrices (15B34) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Quantum state tomography, quantum state discrimination (81P18)

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