The circular unitary ensemble and the Riemann zeta function: the microscopic landscape and a new approach to ratios

DOI10.1007/S00222-016-0669-1zbMATH Open1368.11098arXiv1410.1440OpenAlexW3105720561MaRDI QIDQ504136FDOQ504136

Reda Chhaibi, Joseph Najnudel, A. Nikeghbali

Publication date: 25 January 2017

Published in: Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We show in this paper that after proper scalings, the characteristic polynomial of a random unitary matrix converges almost surely to a random analytic function whose zeros, which are on the real line, form a determinantal point process with sine kernel. Our scaling is performed at the so-called "microscopic" level, that is we consider the characteristic polynomial at points which are of order $1/n$ distant. We prove this in the framework of virtual isometries to circumvent the fact that the rescaled characteristic polynomial does not even have a moment of order one, hence making the classical techniques of random matrix theory difficult to apply. The strong convergence results in this setup provide us with a new approach to ratios: we are able to solve open problems about the limiting distribution of ratios of characteristic polynomials evaluated at points of the form $exp(2ipialpha/n)$ and related objects (such as the logarithmic derivative). We also explicitly describe the dependence relation for the logarithm of the characteristic polynomial evaluated at several points on the microscopic scale. On the number theory side, inspired by the Keating-Snaith philosophy, we conjecture some new limit theorems for the value distribution of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line at the stochastic process level.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.1440

zbMATH Keywords

strong convergencecharacteristic polynomiallimiting distributionrandom unitary matrix

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Strong limit theorems (60F15) (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)) (11M06)

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Cited In (18)

• Strong convergence of eigenangles and eigenvectors for the circular unitary ensemble
• Characteristic polynomials of modified permutation matrices at microscopic scale
• On the Riemann Zeta Function and Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos
• On the maximum of the C\(\beta\)E field
• The method of cumulants for the normal approximation
• On smooth mesoscopic linear statistics of the eigenvalues of random permutation matrices
• Strong approximation of Gaussian \(\beta\) ensemble characteristic polynomials: the hyperbolic regime
• The Riemann zeta function and Gaussian multiplicative chaos: statistics on the critical line
• On the logarithmic derivative of characteristic polynomials for random unitary matrices
• The limiting characteristic polynomial of classical random matrix ensembles
• High points of a random model of the Riemann-zeta function and Gaussian multiplicative chaos
• Autocorrelations of characteristic polynomials for the Alternative Circular Unitary Ensemble
• On characteristic polynomials for a generalized chiral random matrix ensemble with a source
• Operator level limit of the circular Jacobi β-ensemble
• Random Hermitian matrices and Gaussian multiplicative chaos
• The many faces of the stochastic zeta function
• Random entire functions from random polynomials with real zeros
• Gaussian fluctuation for smoothed local correlations in CUE

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