Symmetric pairs and self-adjoint extensions of operators, with applications to energy networks

DOI10.1007/S11785-015-0522-3zbMATH Open1353.05080arXiv1512.03463OpenAlexW2962821730MaRDI QIDQ504574FDOQ504574

Authors: Erin P. J. Pearse, Palle Jorgensen 

Publication date: 17 January 2017

Published in: Complex Analysis and Operator Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We provide a streamlined construction of the Friedrichs extension of a densely-defined self-adjoint and semibounded operator $A$ on a Hilbert space $mathcalH$, by means of a symmetric pair of operators. A emph{symmetric pair} is comprised of densely defined operators $J:mathcal{H}_{1}omathcal{H}_2$ and $K:mathcal{H}_{2}omathcal{H}_1$ which are compatible in a certain sense. With the appropriate definitions of $mathcal{H}_1$ and $J$ in terms of $A$ and $mathcalH$, we show that $(J{J}^{s}tar{)}^{-1}$ is the Friedrichs extension of $A$. Furthermore, we use related ideas (including the notion of unbounded containment) to construct a generalization of the construction of the Krein extension of $A$ as laid out in a previous paper of the authors. These results are applied to the study of the graph Laplacian on infinite networks, in relation to the Hilbert spaces $el{l}^2(G)$ and $mathcal{H}_{mathcalE}$ (the energy space).

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03463

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zbMATH Keywords

spectral graph theoryHilbert spacereproducing kernelself-adjoint extensionsymmetric paireffective resistanceFriedrichs extensiongraph energygraph Laplacianspectral resolutiondefect indicesresistance networkunbounded linear operatoressentially self-adjointKrein extension

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.) (05C50) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10) Small world graphs, complex networks (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C82) Infinite graphs (05C63) Hilbert spaces with reproducing kernels (= (proper) functional Hilbert spaces, including de Branges-Rovnyak and other structured spaces) (46E22) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25) Radon-Nikodým, Kre?n-Milman and related properties (46B22) Hermitian and normal operators (spectral measures, functional calculus, etc.) (47B15) Linear operators in reproducing-kernel Hilbert spaces (including de Branges, de Branges-Rovnyak, and other structured spaces) (47B32) Linear difference operators (47B39)

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Cited In (7)

• Unbounded operators in Hilbert space, duality rules, characteristic projections, and their applications
• Harmonic analysis invariants for infinite graphs via operators and algorithms
• Trotter’s limit formula for the Schrödinger equation with singular potential
• Continuum versus discrete networks, graph Laplacians, and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces
• Stochastics and dynamics of fractals
• Harmonic analysis on graphs via Bratteli diagrams and path-space measures
• New Hilbert space tools for analysis of graph Laplacians and Markov processes

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