Generalising the Horodecki criterion to nonprojective qubit observables

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AC44EEMaRDI QIDQ5049533zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michael J. W. Hall, Shuming Cheng

Publication date 11 November 2022

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.09890

zbMATH Keywords

CHSH inequalityBell nonlocalityPOVMscompatible observablesHorodecki criterion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum computation (81P68) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40)

Abstract: The Horodecki criterion provides a necessary and sufficient condition for a two-qubit state to be able to manifest Bell nonlocality via violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. It requires, however, the assumption that suitable projective measurements can be made on each qubit, and is not sufficient for scenarios in which noisy or weak measurements are either desirable or unavoidable. By characterising two-valued qubit observables in terms of strength, bias, and directional parameters, we address such scenarios by providing necessary and sufficient conditions for arbitrary qubit measurements having fixed strengths and relative angles for each observer. In particular, we find the achievable maximal values of the CHSH parameter for unbiased measurements on arbitrary states, and, alternatively, for arbitrary measurements on states with maximally-mixed marginals, and determine the optimal angles in some cases. We also show that for certain ranges of measurement strengths it is only possible to violate the CHSH inequality via biased measurements. Finally, we use the CHSH inequality to obtain a simple necessary condition for the compatibility of two qubit observables.

Recommendations

• Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities for non-projective measurement observables
• Bell's theorem for general \(N\)-qubit states
• Sharing of nonlocality of a single member of an entangled pair of qubits is not possible by more than two unbiased observers on the other wing
• Strengthened Bell inequalities for orthogonal spin directions
• Bipartite Bell inequalities with three ternary-outcome measurements -- from theory to experiments

Cites work

• A relevant two qubit Bell inequality inequivalent to the CHSH inequality
• Coexistence of qubit effects
• Coexistence of qubit effects
• Proposed experiment to test local hidden-variable theories
• Quantum entanglement
• Sharing of nonlocality of a single member of an entangled pair of qubits is not possible by more than two unbiased observers on the other wing
• The generalized Gell–Mann representation and violation of the CHSH inequality by a general two-qudit state
• Violating Bell inequality by mixed spin-\(\frac 12\) states: necessary and sufficient condition

Cited in

(6)

• Quantum Bell nonlocality cannot be shared under a special kind of bilateral measurements for high-dimensional quantum states
• Bell's inequality with biased experimental settings
• Strengthened Bell inequalities for orthogonal spin directions
• Bell-CHSH violation under global unitary operations: necessary and sufficient conditions
• Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities for non-projective measurement observables
• Sharing of nonlocality of a single member of an entangled pair of qubits is not possible by more than two unbiased observers on the other wing

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