Bounds on fluctuations for ensembles of quantum thermal machines

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AC4C10zbMATH Open1505.82006arXiv2109.03526OpenAlexW4205383420MaRDI QIDQ5049688FDOQ5049688

Authors: Matthew Gerry, Na'Im Kalantar, Dvira Segal 

Publication date: 11 November 2022

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study universal aspects of fluctuations in an ensemble of noninteracting continuous quantum thermal machines in the steady state limit. Considering an individual machine, such as a refrigerator, in which relative fluctuations (and high order cumulants) of the cooling heat current to the absorbed heat current, $et{a}^{(n)}$, are upper-bounded, $et{a}^{(n)}leqet{a}_C^n$ with $ngeq2$ and $et{a}_C$ the Carnot efficiency, we prove that an {it ensemble} of $N$ distinct machines similarly satisfies this upper bound on the relative fluctuations of the ensemble, $et{a}_N^{(n)}leqet{a}_C^n$. For an ensemble of distinct quantum {it refrigerators} with components operating in the tight coupling limit we further prove the existence of a {it lower bound} on $et{a}_N^{(n)}$ in specific cases, exemplified on three-level quantum absorption refrigerators and resonant-energy thermoelectric junctions. Beyond special cases, the existence of a lower bound on $et{a}_N^{(2)}$ for an ensemble of quantum refrigerators is demonstrated by numerical simulations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03526

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zbMATH Keywords

boundsfluctuationsquantumthermalensemblesmachines

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical thermodynamics (82B30) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)

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