Dark-energy instabilities induced by gravitational waves

DOI10.1088/1475-7516/2020/05/002MaRDI QIDQ5069111zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Paolo Creminelli, Giovanni Tambalo, Filippo Vernizzi, Vicharit Yingcharoenrat

Publication date 8 April 2022

Published in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.14035

zbMATH Keywords

dark energy theorygravitational waves/theorymodified gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Braided monoidal categories and ribbon categories (18M15) Two-body problems (70F05) Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Gravitational waves (83C35) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56) Black holes (83C57) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Abstract: We point out that dark-energy perturbations may become unstable in the presence of a gravitational wave of sufficiently large amplitude. We study this effect for the cubic Horndeski operator (braiding), proportional to $alph{a}_{mB}$. The scalar that describes dark-energy fluctuations features ghost and/or gradient instabilities for gravitational-wave amplitudes that are produced by typical binary systems. Taking into account the populations of binary systems, we conclude that the instability is triggered in the whole Universe for $|alph{a}_{mB}|gtrsim10^{-2}$, i.e. when the modification of gravity is sizeable. The instability is triggered by massive black-hole binaries down to frequencies corresponding to $10^{10}$ km: the instability is thus robust, unless new physics enters on even longer wavelengths. The fate of the instability and the subsequent time-evolution of the system depend on the UV completion, so that the theory may end up in a state very different from the original one. The same kind of instability is present in beyond-Horndeski theories for $|alph{a}_{mH}|gtrsim10^{-20}$. In conclusion, the only dark-energy theories with sizeable cosmological effects that avoid these problems are $k$-essence models, with a possible conformal coupling with matter.

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Cited in

(35)

• The shape of scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Dark energy gravitational wave observations and ice age periodicity
• Generalized disformal invariance of cosmological perturbations with second-order field derivatives
• Gravitational positivity bounds
• Integrating out beyond tree level and relativistic superfluids
• Relativistic corrections to the growth of structure in modified gravity
• Scalar-tensor cosmologies without screening
• K-dynamics: well-posed 1+1 evolutions in K-essence
• Beyond perturbation theory in inflation
• Gravitational waves and geometrical optics in scalar-tensor theories
• Gravitational wave interactions in Λ₃ models of dark energy
• Generalized Regge-Wheeler equation from Effective Field Theory of black hole perturbations with a timelike scalar profile
• Vainshtein mechanism in Generalised Massive Gravity
• Fully relativistic predictions in Horndeski gravity from standard Newtonian N-body simulations
• Resonant decay of gravitational waves into dark energy
• Constraining the cosmological evolution of scalar-tensor theories with local measurements of the time variation of G
• Violation of the consistency relations for large-scale structure with dark energy
• Horndeski under the quantum loupe
• Dynamical dark energy models in the light of gravitational-wave transient catalogues
• Positivity bounds from multiple vacua and their cosmological consequences
• Effective field theory of black hole perturbations with timelike scalar profile: formulation
• Reheating after relaxation of large cosmological constant
• Shift-symmetric Horndeski gravity in the asymptotic-safety paradigm
• Effective description of generalized disformal theories
• Quasinormal modes from EFT of black hole perturbations with timelike scalar profile
• 50 years of Horndeski gravity: past, present and future
• Causality and stability from acoustic geometry
• Effective field theory of perturbations on arbitrary black hole backgrounds with spacelike scalar profile
• Cosmic magnification in beyond-Horndeski gravity
• Spherical black hole perturbations in EFT of scalar-tensor gravity with timelike scalar profile
• Horndeski in motion
• Bridging dark energy and black holes with EFT: frame transformation and gravitational wave speed
• Enhanced induced gravitational waves in Horndeski gravity
• Coherence and quantum stability of relativistic superfluid states
• Primary black-hole scalar charges and kinetic screening in K-essence-Gauss-Bonnet gravity

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