Multidimensional transonic shock waves and free boundary problems
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Publication:5070204
a priori estimatesconvexityEuler equationsfree boundary problemsdegree theorymixed typepotential flowfull Euler flownonlinear PDEsvon Neumann problemgeometric propertiesiteration schemedegenerate ellipticitynonlinear methodmixed elliptic-hyperbolic typemultidimensional transonic shocksPrandtl-Meyer problemshock reflection/diffractionsonic curves/surfacesvon Neumann detachment conjecture
Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) A priori estimates in context of PDEs (35B45) Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Dependence of solutions to PDEs on initial and/or boundary data and/or on parameters of PDEs (35B30) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Boundary values of solutions to elliptic equations and elliptic systems (35J67) Degenerate elliptic equations (35J70) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order hyperbolic equations (35L20) Hyperbolic conservation laws (35L65) Shocks and singularities for hyperbolic equations (35L67) Euler equations (35Q31) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Existence, uniqueness, and regularity theory for compressible fluids and gas dynamics (76N10) Boundary-layer theory for compressible fluids and gas dynamics (76N20) PDEs of mixed type (35M10) Boundary value problems for PDEs of mixed type (35M12) General aerodynamics and subsonic flows (76G25) Transonic flows (76H05) Shock waves and blast waves in fluid mechanics (76L05)
Abstract: We are concerned with free boundary problems arising from the analysis of multidimensional transonic shock waves for the Euler equations in compressible fluid dynamics. In this expository paper, we survey some recent developments in the analysis of multidimensional transonic shock waves and corresponding free boundary problems for the compressible Euler equations and related nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) of mixed type. The nonlinear PDEs under our analysis include the steady Euler equations for potential flow, the steady full Euler equations, the unsteady Euler equations for potential flow, and related nonlinear PDEs of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type. The transonic shock problems include the problem of steady transonic flow past solid wedges, the von Neumann problem for shock reflection-diffraction, and the Prandtl-Meyer problem for unsteady supersonic flow onto solid wedges. We first show how these longstanding multidimensional transonic shock problems can be formulated as free boundary problems for the compressible Euler equations and related nonlinear PDEs of mixed type. Then we present an effective nonlinear method and related ideas and techniques to solve these free boundary problems. The method, ideas, and techniques should be useful to analyze other longstanding and newly emerging free boundary problems for nonlinear PDEs.
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