Optical lattice quantum simulator for quantum electrodynamics in strong external fields: spontaneous pair creation and the Sauter-Schwinger effect
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Abstract: Spontaneous creation of electron-positron pairs out of the vacuum due to a strong electric field is a spectacular manifestation of the relativistic energy-momentum relation for the Dirac fermions. This fundamental prediction of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) has not yet been confirmed experimentally as the generation of a sufficiently strong electric field extending over a large enough space-time volume still presents a challenge. Surprisingly, distant areas of physics may help us to circumvent this difficulty. In condensed matter and solid state physics (areas commonly considered as low energy physics), one usually deals with quasi-particles instead of real electrons and positrons. Since their mass gap can often be freely tuned, it is much easier to create these light quasi-particles by an analogue of the Sauter-Schwinger effect. This motivates our proposal of a quantum simulator in which excitations of ultra-cold atoms moving in a bichromatic optical lattice represent particles and antiparticles (holes) satisfying a discretized version of the Dirac equation together with fermionic anti-commutation relations. Using the language of second quantization, we are able to construct an analogue of the spontaneous pair creation which can be realized in an (almost) table-top experiment.
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Cites work
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Cited in
(9)- Dirac equation in 2-dimensional curved spacetime, particle creation, and coupled waveguide arrays
- Quantum simulation of discrete curved spacetime by the Bose-Hubbard model: from analog acoustic black hole to quantum phase transition
- Schwinger pair production with ultracold atoms
- Simulating Dirac fermions with abelian and non-abelian gauge fields in optical lattices
- Staggered grid leap-frog scheme for the \((2+1)D\) Dirac equation
- A dispersion and norm preserving finite difference scheme with transparent boundary conditions for the Dirac equation in (1+1)D
- Dirac equation for cold atoms in artificial curved spacetimes
- Quantum simulation of the Abelian-Higgs lattice gauge theory with ultracold atoms
- Advances in QED with intense background fields
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