The distribution of k-free numbers

DOI10.1090/MCOM/3581zbMATH Open1469.11310arXiv1912.04972OpenAlexW3053410593MaRDI QIDQ5145103FDOQ5145103

Michael J. Mossinghoff, Tomas Silva, Timothy S. Trudgian

Publication date: 20 January 2021

Published in: Mathematics of Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $R_k(x)$ denote the error incurred by approximating the number of $k$-free integers less than $x$ by $x/zeta(k)$. It is well known that $R_k(x)=Omega(x^{frac12k})$, and widely conjectured that $R_k(x)=O(x^{frac12k+epsilon})$. By establishing weak linear independence of some subsets of zeros of the Riemann zeta function, we establish an effective proof of the lower bound, with significantly larger bounds on the constant compared to those obtained in prior work. For example, we show that $R_k(x)/x^{1/2k}>3$ infinitely often and that $R_k(x)/x^{1/2k}<-3$ infinitely often, for $k=2$, $3$, $4$, and $5$. We also investigate $R_2(x)$ and $R_3(x)$ in detail and establish that our bounds far exceed the oscillations exhibited by these functions over a long range: for $0<xleq10^{18}$ we show that $|R_2(x)|<1.12543x^{1/4}$ and $|R_3(x)|<1.27417x^{1/6}$. We also present some empirical results regarding gaps between square-free numbers and between cube-free numbers.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04972

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zbMATH Keywords

oscillationsRiemann hypothesissquare-free

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonreal zeros of (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)); Riemann and other hypotheses (11M26) Distribution functions associated with additive and positive multiplicative functions (11N60) Analytic computations (11Y35)

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Cited In (13)

• Average distribution of k‐free numbers in arithmetic progressions
• Oscillations in weighted arithmetic sums
• Explicit bounds for large gaps between squarefree integers
• On gaps between \(k\)-free numbers
• Starting with gaps between k-free numbers
• On the Distribution of Square-Free Numbers
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• The density of twins of k -free numbers
• The distribution of \(k\)-full and \(l\)-free numbers

Uses Software

• PARI/GP

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