Nonlinear limiting dynamics of a shrinking interface in a Hele-Shaw cell

DOI10.1017/JFM.2020.983zbMATH Open1461.76143OpenAlexW3123914245MaRDI QIDQ5146349FDOQ5146349

Authors Meng Zhao, Zahra Niroobakhsh, Shuwang Li, John Lowengrub

Publication date 25 January 2021

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08315

zbMATH Keywords

pattern formationboundary integral methodsfingering instability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other free boundary flows; Hele-Shaw flows (76D27)

Abstract: The flow in a Hele-Shaw cell with a time-increasing gap poses a unique shrinking interface problem. When the upper plate of the cell is lifted perpendicularly at a prescribed speed, the exterior less viscous fluid penetrates the interior more viscous fluid, which generates complex, time-dependent interfacial patterns through the Saffman-Taylor instability. The pattern formation process sensitively depends on the lifting speed and is still not fully understood. For some lifting speeds, such as linear or exponential speed, the instability is transient and the interface eventually shrinks as a circle. However, linear stability analysis suggests there exist shape invariant shrinking patterns if the gap $b(t)$ is increased more rapidly: $displaystyleb(t)=left(1-frac72aumathcalCtight{)}^{-2/7}$, where $au$ is the surface tension and $mathcalC$ is a function of the interface perturbation mode $k$. Here, we use a spectrally accurate boundary integral method together with an efficient time adaptive rescaling scheme, which for the first time makes it possible to explore the nonlinear limiting dynamical behavior of a vanishing interface. When the gap is increased at a constant rate, our numerical results quantitatively agree with experimental observations (Nase et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 23, 2011, pp. 123101). When we use the shape invariant gap $b(t)$, our nonlinear results reveal the existence of $k$-fold dominant, one-dimensional, web-like networks, where the fractal dimension is reduced to almost one at late times. We conclude by constructing a morphology diagram for pattern selection that relates the dominant mode $k$ of the vanishing interface and the control parameter $mathcalC$.

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Cited in

(10)

• An eigenvalue problem for self-similar patterns in Hele-Shaw flows
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7600704 (Why is no real title available?)
• On a two-fluid Hele-Shaw problem with an elliptical interface
• Hele - Shaw flow and pattern formation in a time-dependent gap
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