Courant-sharp eigenvalues of compact flat surfaces: Klein bottles and cylinders

DOI10.1090/PROC/15620MaRDI QIDQ5164067zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bernard Helffer, Rola Kiwan, Pierre Bérard

Publication date 9 November 2021

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.09219

zbMATH Keywords

Courant theoremcylinderKlein bottleLaplaciannodal setsspectral theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Spectral theory; eigenvalue problems on manifolds (58C40)

Abstract: The question of determining for which eigenvalues there exists an eigenfunction which has the same number of nodal domains as the label of the associated eigenvalue (Courant-sharp property) was motivated by the analysis of minimal spectral partitions. In previous works, many examples have been analyzed corresponding to squares, rectangles, disks, triangles, tori, M"obius strips,ldots . A natural toy model for further investigations is the flat Klein bottle, a non-orientable surface with Euler characteristic $0$, and particularly the Klein bottle associated with the square torus, whose eigenvalues have higher multiplicities. In this note, we prove that the only Courant-sharp eigenvalues of the flat Klein bottle associated with the square torus (resp. with square fundamental domain) are the first and second eigenvalues. We also consider the flat cylinders $(0,pi)imesmathbb{S}_r^1$ where $rin0.5,1$ is the radius of the circle $mathbb{S}_r^1$, and we show that the only Courant-sharp Dirichlet eigenvalues of these cylinders are the first and second eigenvalues.

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Cited in

(2)

• Courant-sharp property for Dirichlet eigenfunctions on the Möbius strip
• Surfaces in which every point sounds the same

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