Evaporation of four-dimensional dynamical black holes sourced by the quantum trace anomaly

DOI10.1088/1361-6382/AC1FD2MaRDI QIDQ5164076zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Paolo Meda, Nicola Pinamonti, Simone Roncallo, Nino Zanghì

Publication date 9 November 2021

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.02057

zbMATH Keywords

evaporationblack holespherically symmetrichorizonsemiclassicaltrace anomalyVaidya

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42) Semiclassical techniques, including WKB and Maslov methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81Q20) Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Asymptotic procedures (radiation, news functions, (mathcal{H} )-spaces, etc.) in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C30) Black holes (83C57)

Abstract: We study the evaporation of a four-dimensional spherically symmetric black hole formed in a gravitational collapse. We analyze the back-reaction of a massless quantum scalar field conformally coupled to the scalar curvature by means of the semiclassical Einstein equations. We show that the evaporation is linked to an ingoing negative energy flux at the dynamical horizon and that this flux is induced by the quantum matter trace anomaly outside the black hole horizon whenever a suitable averaged energy condition is satisfied. For illustrative purposes, we evaluate the negative ingoing flux and the corresponding rate of evaporation in the case of a null radiating star described by the Vaidya spacetime.

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Cited in

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• Black hole evaporation in conformal gravity
• Hadamard states on spherically symmetric characteristic surfaces, the semi-classical Einstein equations and the Hawking effect
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• On the near-horizon geometry of an evaporating black hole
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• Linear stability of semiclassical theories of gravity
• A generalization of the Hawking black hole area theorem
• The averaged null energy condition on holographic evaporating black holes
• Corrigendum to: ``Evaporation of four-dimensional dynamical black holes sourced by the quantum trace anomaly
• Trapping horizon and negative energy

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