Black hole shadow as a test of general relativity: quadratic gravity

DOI10.1088/1361-6382/AAE87BMaRDI QIDQ5218335zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Dimitry Ayzenberg, Nicolás Yunes

Publication date 2 March 2020

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.08422

zbMATH Keywords

black hole shadowblack holesgeneral relativitymodified theories of gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eta-invariants, Chern-Simons invariants (58J28) Observational and experimental questions in relativity and gravitational theory (83B05) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Black holes (83C57) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) General questions in astronomy and astrophysics (85A04)

Abstract: Observations of the black hole shadow of supermassive black holes, such as Sagittarius A* at the center of our Milky Way galaxy, allow us to study the properties of black holes and the nature of strong-field gravity. According to the Kerr hypothesis, isolated, stationary, and axisymmetric astrophysical black holes are described by the Kerr metric. The Kerr hypothesis holds in General Relativity and in some modified gravity theories, but there are others in which it is violated. In principle, black hole shadow observations can be used to determine if the Kerr metric is the correct description for black holes, and in turn, they could be used to place constraints on modified gravity theories that do not admit the Kerr solution. We here investigate whether black hole shadow observations can constrain deviations from general relativity, focusing on two well-motivated modified quadratic gravity theories: Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity and dynamical Chern-Simons gravity. We show that current constraints on Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity are stronger than any that could be placed with black hole shadow observations of supermassive black holes. We also show that the same holds for dynamical Chern-Simons gravity through a systematic bias and a likelihood analysis when considering slowly-rotating supermassive black holes. However, observations of more rapidly-rotating black holes, with dimensionless spins $|vecJ|/M^{2}simeq0.5$, could be used to better constrain dynamical Chern-Simons gravity.

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Cites work

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• Can the slow-rotation approximation be used in electromagnetic observations of black holes?
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Cited in

(33)

• The correspondence between shadow and the test field in a Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg black hole
• Strong gravitational lensing and shadow constraint from M87* of slowly rotating Kerr-like black hole
• Testing dynamical torsion effects on the charged black hole's shadow, deflection angle and greybody with M87* and Sgr. A* from EHT
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