THE MAXIMAL ORDER OF ITERATED MULTIPLICATIVE FUNCTIONS

DOI10.1112/S0025579319000214MaRDI QIDQ5227718zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Christian Elsholtz, Marc Technau, Niclas Technau

Publication date 7 August 2019

Published in Mathematika (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04799

zbMATH Keywords

quadratic formmaximal orderarithmetic function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic results on arithmetic functions (11N37)

Abstract: Following Wigert, various authors, including Ramanujan, Gronwall, ErdH{o}s, Ivi'{c}, Schwarz, Wirsing, and Shiu, determined the maximal order of several multiplicative functions, generalizing Wigert's result ${\displaystyle }$max_{nleq x} log d(n) = frac{log x}{log log x} (log 2 + o(1)). ${\displaystyle }$ On the contrary, for many multiplicative functions, the maximal order of iterations of the functions remains widely open. The case of the iterated divisor function was only solved recently, answering a question of Ramanujan from 1915. Here we determine the maximal order of $logf(f(n))$ for a class of multiplicative functions $f$. In particular, this class contains functions counting ideals of given norm in the ring of integers of an arbitrary, fixed quadratic number field. As a consequence, we determine such maximal orders for several multiplicative $f$ arising as a normalized function counting representations by certain binary quadratic forms. Incidentally, for the non-multiplicative function $r_2$ which counts how often a positive integer is represented as a sum of two squares, this entails the asymptotic formula ${\displaystyle }$ max_{nleq x} log r_2(r_2(n))= frac{sqrt{log x}}{log log x} (c/sqrt{2}+o(1))${\displaystyle }$ with some explicitly given constant $c>0$.

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