The dynamics of Super-Apollonian continued fractions

DOI10.1090/TRAN/7372zbMATH Open1436.11011arXiv1703.08616OpenAlexW2962900954WikidataQ129617265 ScholiaQ129617265MaRDI QIDQ5227952FDOQ5227952

Katherine E. Stange, Sneha Chaubey, Elena Fuchs, Robert Hines

Publication date: 7 August 2019

Published in: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We examine a pair of dynamical systems on the plane induced by a pair of spanning trees in the Cayley graph of the Super-Apollonian group of Graham, Lagarias, Mallows, Wilks and Yan. The dynamical systems compute Gaussian rational approximations to complex numbers and are "reflective" versions of the complex continued fractions of A. L. Schmidt. They also describe a reduction algorithm for Lorentz quadruples, in analogy to work of Romik on Pythagorean triples. For these dynamical systems, we produce an invertible extension and an invariant measure, which we conjecture is ergodic. We consider some statistics of the related continued fraction expansions, and we also examine the restriction of these systems to the real line, which gives a reflective version of the usual continued fraction algorithm. Finally, we briefly consider an alternate setup corresponding to a tree of Lorentz quadruples ordered by arithmetic complexity.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.08616

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zbMATH Keywords

quadratic formcontinued fractionsdynamical systemergodic theoryinvariant measureorthogonal groupgeodesic flowApollonian circle packingPythagorean tripleDescartes quadrupleBianchi groupprojective linear groupinvertible extensionhyperbolic isometryMöbius transformationLorentz quadruple

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Continued fractions (11A55) Continued fractions and generalizations (11J70) General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20) Circle packings and discrete conformal geometry (52C26) Relations between ergodic theory and number theory (37A44) Quasiconformal methods in holomorphic dynamics; quasiconformal dynamics (37F31)

Cites Work

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Cited In (5)

• Finite Gauss transformations
• Number theoretical properties of Romik's dynamical system
• Quadratic forms and their Berggren trees
• Shadows of rationals and irrationals: supersymmetric continued fractions and the super modular group
• Supercritical ordered trajectories with quadratically irrational winding number

Uses Software

• Mathematica
• SageMath

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