Modulation-resonance mechanism for surface waves in a two-layer fluid system

DOI10.1017/JFM.2019.501MaRDI QIDQ5229809zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Shixiao W. Jiang, Gregor Kovačič, Douglas Zhou, David Cai

Publication date 19 August 2019

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11344

zbMATH Keywords

surface gravity wavesbaroclinic flows

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Internal waves for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B55) Hydrology, hydrography, oceanography (86A05) Stratification effects in inviscid fluids (76B70)

Abstract: We propose a Boussinesq-type model to study the surface/interfacial wave manifestation of an underlying, slowly-varying, long-wavelength, baroclinic flow in a two-layer, density-stratified system. The results of our model show numerically that, under strong nonlinearity, surface waves, with their typical wavenumber being the resonant $k_{mathrmres}$, can be generated locally at the leading edge of the underlying slowly-varying, long-wavelength baroclinic flow. Here, the resonant $k_{mathrmres}$ satisfies the class 3 triad resonance condition among two short-mode waves and one long-mode wave in which all waves propagate in the same direction. Moreover, when the slope of the baroclinic flow is sufficiently small, only one spatially-localized large-amplitude surface wave packet can be generated at the leading edge. This localized surface wave packet becomes high in amplitude and large in group velocity after the interaction with its surrounding waves. These results are qualitatively consistent with various experimental observations including resonant surface waves at the leading edge of an internal wave. Subsequently, we propose a mechanism, referred to as the modulation-resonance mechanism, underlying these surface phenomena, based on our numerical simulations. The proposed modulation-resonance mechanism combines the linear modulation (ray-based) theory for the spatiotemporal asymmetric behavior of surface waves and the nonlinear class 3 triad resonance theory for the energy focusing of surface waves around the resonant wavenumber $k_{mathrmres}$ in Fourier space.

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Cited in

(9)

• Multi-mode resonances in fluids
• Resonant wave response to obstacle forcing in two layer fluid flow
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3993225 (Why is no real title available?)
• Bragg resonances in a two-layer fluid
• Resonant interactions of two waves in a model of a two-layer fluid
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• Direct simulation of surface roughness signature of internal wave with deterministic energy-conservative model
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5856056 (Why is no real title available?)
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