On a predator-prey system with random switching that never converges to its equilibrium

DOI10.1137/18M1196042MaRDI QIDQ5233765zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Alexandru Hening, Edouard Strickler

Publication date 6 September 2019

Published in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.01220

zbMATH Keywords

Lotka-VolterraLyapunov exponentspiecewise deterministic Markov processespopulation dynamicsrandom switchingtelegraph noise

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordinary differential equations and systems with randomness (34F05) Dynamical systems and their relations with probability theory and stochastic processes (37A50) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)

Abstract: We study the dynamics of a predator-prey system in a random environment. The dynamics evolves according to a deterministic Lotka-Volterra system for an exponential random time after which it switches to a different deterministic Lotka-Volterra system. This switching procedure is then repeated. The resulting process is a Piecewise Deterministic Markov Process (PDMP). In the case when the equilibrium points of the two deterministic Lotka--Volterra systems coincide we show that almost surely the trajectory does not converge to the common deterministic equilibrium. Instead, with probability one, the densities of the prey and the predator oscillate between $0$ and $infty$. This proves a conjecture of Takeuchi et al (J. Math. Anal. Appl 2006). The proof of the conjecture is a corollary of a result we prove about linear switched systems. Assume $(Y_t,I_t)$ is a PDMP that evolves according to $fracd{Y}_{t}dt=A_{I_t}{Y}_t$ where $A_0,A_1$ are $2imes2$ matrices and $I_t$ is a Markov chain on $0,1$ with transition rates $k_0,k_1>0$. If the matrices $A_0$ and $A_1$ are not proportional and have purely imaginary eigenvalues, then there exists $lambda>0$ such that $li{m}_{toinfty}fraclog|Y_t|t=lambda.$

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