Mass minimizers and concentration for nonlinear Choquard equations in R^N

Abstract: In this paper, we study the existence of minimizers to the following functional related to the nonlinear Choquard equation:

E(u)=frac{1}{2}dsint_{R^N}| abla u|^2+frac{1}{2}dsint_{R^N}V(x)|u|^2-frac{1}{2p}dsint_{R^N}(I_al*|u|^p)|u|^p

on

w i d e t i l d e S (c) = u i n H^{1} (R^{N}) | i n t_{R^{N}} V (x) | u |^{2} < + i n f t y, | u |_{2} = c, c > 0,

where

N g e q 1

a l i n (0, N)

,

f r a c N + a l p h a N l e q p < f r a c N + a l p h a (N - 2)_{+}

and

I_{a} l : R^{N} i g h t a r r o w R

is the Riesz potential. We present sharp existence results for

E (u)

constrained on

w i d e t i l d e S (c)

when

V (x) e q u i v 0

for all

f r a c N + a l p h a N l e q p < f r a c N + a l p h a (N - 2)_{+}

. For the mass critical case

p = f r a c N + a l p h a + 2 N

, we show that if

0 l e q V (x) i n L_{l o c}^{i n f t y} (R^{N})

and

l i m l i m i t s_{| x | i g h t a r r o w + i n f t y} V (x) = + i n f t y

, then mass minimizers exist only if

0 < c < c_{*} = | Q |_{2}

and concentrate at the flattest minimum of

V

as

c

approaches

c_{*}

from below, where

Q

is a groundstate solution of

- D e l t a u + u = (I_{a} l p h a * | u |^{f r a c N + a l p h a + 2 N}) | u |^{f r a c N + a l p h a + 2 N - 2} u

in

R^{N}

.

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