Characteristic dynamics near two coalescing eigenvalues incorporating continuum threshold effects

DOI10.1063/1.4983809zbMATH Open1418.81098arXiv1609.07718OpenAlexW3099519699MaRDI QIDQ5282834FDOQ5282834

Authors: S. Garmon, Gonzalo E. Ordóñez 

Publication date: 17 July 2017

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It has been reported in the literature that the survival probability $P(t)$ near an exceptional point where two eigenstates coalesce should generally exhibit an evolution $P(t)sim{t}^2{e}^{-Gammat}$, in which $Gamma$ is the decay rate of the coalesced eigenstate; this has been verified in a microwave billiard experiment [B. Dietz, et al, Phys. Rev. E 75, 027201 (2007)]. However, the heuristic effective Hamiltonian that is usually employed to obtain this result ignores the possible influence of the continuum threshold on the dynamics. By contrast, in this work we employ an analytical approach starting from the microscopic Hamiltonian representing two simple models in order to show that the continuum threshold has a strong influence on the dynamics near exceptional points in a variety of circumstances. To report our results, we divide the exceptional points in Hermitian open quantum systems into two cases: at an EP2A two virtual bound states coalesce before forming a resonance, anti-resonance pair with complex conjugate eigenvalues, while at an EP2B two resonances coalesce before forming two different resonances. For the EP2B, which is the case studied in the microwave billiard experiment, we verify the survival probability exhibits the previously reported modified exponential decay on intermediate timescales, but this is replaced with an inverse power law on very long timescales. Meanwhile, for the EP2A the influence from the continuum threshold is so strong that the evolution is non-exponential on all timescales and the heuristic approach fails completely. When the EP2A appears very near the threshold we obtain the novel evolution $P(t)sim1-C_{1}sqrtt+D_{1}t$ on intermediate timescales, while further away the parabolic decay (Zeno dynamics) on short timescales is enhanced. We also discuss the parametric encirclement of the EP2A in an appendix.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.07718

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zbMATH Keywords

non-exponential decay

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nuclear physics (81V35) Resonance in context of PDEs (35B34) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Quantum scattering theory (81U99) Atomic physics (81V45) Open systems, reduced dynamics, master equations, decoherence (81S22)

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Cited In (7)

• The arrow of time in open quantum systems and dynamical breaking of the resonance–anti-resonance symmetry
• Exact description of coalescing eigenstates in open quantum systems in terms of microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics
• Irreversibility and the breaking of resonance-antiresonance symmetry
• Quantum decay into a non-flat continuum
• Swanson Hamiltonian: non-PT-symmetry phase
• Microscopic description of irreversibility in quantum Lorentz gas by complex spectral analysis of the Liouvillian outside the Hilbert space
• Dynamics of finite dimensional non-hermitian systems with indefinite metric

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