Electron counting statistics and coherent states of electric current
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Publication:5284716
DOI10.1063/1.531672zbMATH Open0868.60099arXivcond-mat/9607137OpenAlexW3099065370WikidataQ59431482 ScholiaQ59431482MaRDI QIDQ5284716FDOQ5284716
Authors: L. S. Levitov, Hyun Woo Lee, G. B. Lesovik 
Publication date: 18 August 1997
Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: A theory of electron counting statistics in quantum transport is presented. It involves an idealized scheme of current measurement using a spin 1/2 coupled to the current so that it precesses at the rate proportional to the current. Within such an approach, counting charge without breaking the circuit is possible. As an application, we derive the counting statistics in a single channel conductor at finite temperature and bias. For a perfectly transmitting channel the counting distribution is gaussian, both for zero-point fluctuations and at finite temperature. At constant bias and low temperature the distribution is binomial, i.e., it arises from Bernoulli statistics. Another application considered is the noise due to short current pulses that involve few electrons. We find the time-dependence of the driving potential that produces coherent noise-minimizing current pulses, and display analogies of such current states with quantum-mechanical coherent states.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9607137
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