scientific article; zbMATH DE number 224159

Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65)

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Weak solutions of the equation \[ \sum^ n_{i,j=1}\bigl( a_{ij}(\hat x)u_{x_ j} \bigr)_{x_ i}+\sum^{n-1}_{i=1}a_ i(\hat x)u_{x_ i}=(u)^{p-1}u \tag{1} \] in a cylindrical domain \(S(0,\infty)=\{x:\hat x \in \omega,\;0<x_ n<\infty\}\) with homogeneous boundary conditions of the second kind are considered, where \(x \in \mathbb{R}^ n\), \(\hat x=(x_ 1,\ldots,x_{n-1})\) and \(\omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\). The main concern is to prove the following theorem: If a solution \(u\) of the above mentioned problem changes sign in \(S(0,\infty)\), then there exist some positive constants \(C_ 1\) and \(h\), \(h\) does not depend on \(u\), such that \[ | u(x)| \leq C_ 1\exp(- hx_ n). \tag{2} \] The case, when a solution of the boundary value problem preserves sign in \(S(0,\infty)\), is considered in [\textit{V. A. Kondratiev} and \textit{O. A. Oleinik}, Some results for nonlinear elliptic equations in cylindrical domains. Proc. Conf. Lambrecht (Germany) 1991 (to appear)]. The authors add an interesting remark to the proven theorem: Equation (1) has no term with \(u_{x_ n}\). This term in contrast to terms \(\sum^{n-1}_{i=1}a_ i(\hat x)u_{x_ i}\) has an essential influence on the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of the boundary value problems. This is explicitly shown studying the equation \(\Delta u- u_{x_ n}-u^ 3=0\) in \(S(0,\infty)\).

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