{\mathbb Z}_N symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AA80F3MaRDI QIDQ5369075zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Manuel Rispler, Kasper Duivenvoorden, Norbert Schuch

Publication date 12 October 2017

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04137

zbMATH Keywords

entanglement spectrumPEPSspontaneous symmetry breakingtensor networks

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22)

Abstract: We consider Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) models with a global $mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry, which are constructed from $mathbb{Z}_N$-symmetric tensors and are thus $mathbb{Z}_N$-invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e., those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e. the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a $mathbb{Z}_3$-symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.

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Cites work

• A practical introduction to tensor networks: Matrix product states and projected entangled pair states
• Criticality, the Area Law, and the Computational Power of Projected Entangled Pair States
• Finitely correlated states on quantum spin chains
• PEPS as unique ground states of local Hamiltonians
• Symmetry breaking in Heisenberg antiferromagnets

Cited in

(2)

• Locality at the boundary implies gap in the bulk for 2D PEPS
• Entanglement Hamiltonian of the quantum Néel state

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