Target-local Gromov compactness

Abstract: We prove a version of Gromov's compactness theorem for pseudo-holomorphic curves which holds locally in the target symplectic manifold. This result applies to sequences of curves with an unbounded number of free boundary components, and in families of degenerating target manifolds which have unbounded geometry (e.g. no uniform energy threshold). Core elements of the proof regard curves as submanifolds (rather than maps) and then adapt methods from the theory of minimal surfaces.

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In the frame of the study of compactness of families of pseudoholomorphic curves, the author develops a ``sideways stretching operation in symplectic field theory. In this paper, he defines the robust \(\mathcal K\)-convergence in the sense of Gromov and proves the following important result: If \((M,J,g)\) is an almost Hermitian manifold and \((J_{k}, g_{k})\) is a sequence of almost Hermitian structures which converges in \(C^{\infty}\) to \((J,g)\), if \( \mathcal K \subset \) Int(\(M\)) is a compact region and \(u_{k}\) is a sequence of generally immersed \(J_{k}\)-curves which are robustly \( \mathcal K\)-proper, satisfying the assumptions (1) Area\(_{u^{\ast}_{k}g_{k}}(S_{k})\leq C_{A}< \infty\) and (2) Genus (\(S_{k}\)) \( \leq C_{G} < \infty\), then a subsequence robustly \(\mathcal K\)-converges in the Gromov sense. The proof is made in three steps: first by supposing that the curves are immersed and \(||B_{u_{k}}||_{L^{\infty}}\) is uniformly bounded, next by supposing that \(||B_{u_{k}}||_{L^{2}}\) is uniformly bounded and the numbers of critical points of \(u_{k}\) are uniformly bounded and, finally, in general. Several interesting examples concerning this subject are also presented.

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