Floer cohomology, multiplicity and the log canonical threshold

Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17) Milnor fibration; relations with knot theory (32S55) Contact manifolds (general theory) (53D10) Symplectic aspects of Floer homology and cohomology (53D40)

Abstract: Let f be a polynomial over the complex numbers with an isolated singularity at 0. We show that the multiplicity and the log canonical threshold of f at 0 are invariants of the link of f viewed as a contact submanifold of the sphere. This is done by first constructing a spectral sequence converging to the fixed point Floer cohomology of any iterate of the Milnor monodromy map whose E^1 page is explicitly described in terms of a log resolution of f. This spectral sequence is a generalization of a formula by A'Campo. By looking at this spectral sequence, we get a purely Floer theoretic description of the multiplicity and log canonical threshold of f.

Review text

The notions of multiplicity and log canonical threshold are the fundamental notions of complex hypersurface \(H = \{f = 0\}\) defined by polynomials \(f\) on \(\mathbb C^{n+1}\). The former one is rather classical which is defined by \[ \mu_P(f) = \dim_{\mathbb C} \mathcal O_{\mathbb C^n,P}/(\delta f/\delta x_1, \ldots, \delta f/\delta x_n) \] at \(P \in H\). The latter notion of log canonical threshold is relative new which is given by \[ \text{lct}_P(f) = \min \{(E_j) + 1/ \text{ord}_f(E_j): j \in S\} \] at \(P \in H\), where \((E_j)_{j \in S}\) are the \emph{resolution divisors} of a log resolution at \(0 \in H\) of the pair \((\mathbb C^{n+1},H)\), whose precise current definition is given by \textit{V. V. Shokurov} in birational geometry [Russ. Acad. Sci., Izv., Math. 40, No. 1, 95--202 (1992; Zbl 0785.14023); translation from Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Mat. 56, No. 1, 105--201, Appendix 201--203 (1992)]. Both are algebraic invariants of hypersurface singularities in complex algebraic geometry. The main result of the paper in review proves that these are indeed symplectic invariants of the hypersurface in that when \(f, \, g: \mathbb C^{n+1} \to \mathbb C\) are two polynomials with isolated singular points at \(0\) with embedded contactomorphic links, the multiplicity and the log canonical threshold of \(f\) and \(g\) are equal. The main technical ingredient used to prove this result is to find formulas for the multiplicity and log canonical threshold in terms of a sequence of fixed-point Floer cohomology groups in symplectic topology. The author does this by constructing a spectral sequence converging to the fixed-point Floer cohomology of any iterate of the Milnor monodromy map whose \(E^1\) page is explicitly described in terms of a log resolution of \(f\). This spectral sequence is a generalization of a forumla by \textit{N. A'Campo} [Comment. Math. Helv. 50, 233--248 (1975; Zbl 0333.14008)]. The author first carries out a rather detailed technical symplectic massaging, called \(\omega\)-regularization, of a germ of the neighborhood of intersections of the symplectic crossing divisor \((V_i)_{i\in S}\) which are transversally intersecting codimension 2 symplectic submanifolds. Then he applies the geometric notions of Liouville domains and open-books to construct a contact open book that is well-behaved such that the mapping torus of the Milnor monodromy map is isotopic to the mapping torus of a symplectomorphism arising from the open book. The paper provides much details of basic constructions in symplectic topology that is expected to be useful for other similar future applications of symplectic machinery to complex algebraic geometry.

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