Non-equilibrium dynamics of polymers and interfaces in random media: conjecture ψ =ds/2 for the barrier exponent

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/41/11/115002MaRDI QIDQ5456531zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Cécile Monthus, Thomas Garel

Publication date 8 April 2008

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0712.3358

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical mechanics of random media, disordered materials (including liquid crystals and spin glasses) (82D30) Statistical mechanics of magnetic materials (82D40) Statistical mechanics of polymers (82D60)

Abstract: We consider various random models (directed polymer, random ferromagnets, spin-glasses) in their disorder-dominated phases, where the free-energy cost $F(L)$ of an excitation of length $L$ presents fluctuations that grow as a power-law $DeltaF(L)sim{L}^{heta}$ with the 'droplet' exponent $heta$. Within the droplet theory, the energy and entropy of such excitations present fluctuations that grow as $DeltaE(L)simDeltaS(L)sim{L}^{d_s/2}$ where $d_s$ is the dimension of the surface of the excitation. These systems usually present a positive 'chaos' exponent $zeta=d_s/2-heta>0$, meaning that the free-energy fluctuation of order $L^{heta}$ is a near-cancellation of much bigger energy and entropy fluctuations of order $L^{d_s/2}$. Within the standard droplet theory, the dynamics is characterized by a barrier exponent $psi$ satisfying the bounds $hetaleqpsileqd-1$. In this paper, we argue that a natural value for this barrier exponent is $psi=d_s/2$ : (i) for the directed polymer where $d_s=1$, this corresponds to $psi=1/2$ in all dimensions; (ii) for disordered ferromagnets where $d_s=d-1$, this corresponds to $psi=(d-1)/2$; (iii) for spin-glasses where interfaces have a non-trivial dimension $d_s$ known numerically, our conjecture $psi=d_s/2$ gives numerical predictions in $d=2$ and $d=3$. We compare these values with the available numerical results for each case, in particular with the measure $psisimeq0.49$ of Kolton, Rosso, Giamarchi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 180604 (2005) for the non-equilibrium dynamics of a directed elastic string.

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