Comments on Bona–Massó-type slicing conditions in long-term black hole evolutions

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/25/7/075007MaRDI QIDQ5458963zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors David Garfinkle, C. Gundlach, David Hilditch

Publication date 24 April 2008

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.0726

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Black holes (83C57) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75)

Abstract: We review in generality why time-independent endstates can be reached in black hole and collapse simulations, with and without excision. We characterise the Killing states of the Bona-Masso slicing condition with time derivative along the normals to the slice ("BMn") as solutions of a mixed elliptic/hyperbolic differential equation on the slice. We show numerically that these steady states can be reached as end states from typical initial data with excision but can be reached with the puncture method only if the puncture is not numerically well resolved. During the evolution, BMn slicings often form gauge shocks. It may be that these are not seen in current 3D simulations only through lack of resolution, although we expect that they can be avoided with some care. Finally we point out that excision with BMn as currently implemented is ill-posed and therefore not expected to converge; this can be cured. In technical appendixes, we derive the equations of pure gauge systems on a fixed spacetime, and bring the BSSN/NOR equations into 3-dimensional tensor form suitable for multiple coordinate patches or spherical polar coordinates.

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(10)

• Schwarzschild black hole as moving puncture in isotropic coordinates
• Extended lifetime in computational evolution of isolated black holes
• Slice stretching at the event horizon when geodesically slicing the Schwarzschild spacetime with excision
• Covariant formulations of Baumgarte, Shapiro, Shibata, and Nakamura and the standard gauge
• Equilibrium initial data for moving puncture simulations: the stationary 1 + log slicing
• Hyperbolic slicings of spacetime: singularity avoidance and gauge shocks
• Spherical symmetry as a test case for unconstrained hyperboloidal evolution II: gauge conditions
• The mean gauges in bimetric relativity
• Covariant BSSN formulation in bimetric relativity
• Height-function-based 4D reference metrics for hyperboloidal evolution

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