Quantum effects, soft singularities and the fate of the universe in a braneworld cosmology

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/23/10/001zbMATH Open1096.83047arXivgr-qc/0510104OpenAlexW3099015851MaRDI QIDQ5481043FDOQ5481043

Authors: Yuri Shtanov, Varun Sahni, P. V. Tretyakov, A. V. Toporensky 

Publication date: 7 August 2006

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We examine a class of braneworld models in which the expanding universe encounters a "quiescent" future singularity. At a quiescent singularity, the energy density and pressure of the cosmic fluid as well as the Hubble parameter remain finite while all derivatives of the Hubble parameter diverge (i.e., $dotH$, $ddotH$, etc. $oinfty$). Since the Kretschmann invariant diverges ($R_{iklm}{R}^{iklm}oinfty$) at the singularity, one expects quantum effects to play an important role as the quiescent singularity is approached. We explore the effects of vacuum polarization due to massless conformally coupled fields near the singularity and show that these can either cause the universe to recollapse or, else, lead to a softer singularity at which $H$, $dotH$, and $ddotH$ remain finite while $dddotH$ and higher derivatives of the Hubble parameter diverge. An important aspect of the quiescent singularity is that it is encountered in regions of low density, which has obvious implications for a universe consisting of a cosmic web of high and low density regions -- superclusters and voids. In addition to vacuum polarization, the effects of quantum particle production of non-conformal fields are also likely to be important. A preliminary examination shows that intense particle production can lead to an accelerating universe whose Hubble parameter shows oscillations about a constant value.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0510104

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75) String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Cited In (15)

• Periodic cosmological evolutions of equation of state for dark energy
• Type V singularities with inhomogeneous equations of state
• Brane cosmology from observational surveys and its comparison with standard FRW cosmology
• Quantum cosmology and late-time singularities
• Traversable Lorentzian wormhole on the Shtanov-Sahni braneworld with matter obeying the energy conditions
• Screening of cosmological constant for de Sitter universe in non-local gravity, phantom-divide crossing and finite-time future singularities
• Knot universes in Bianchi type I cosmology
• ON THE GENERALIZED CHAPLYGIN GAS: WORSE THAN A BIG RIP OR QUIETER THAN A SUDDEN SINGULARITY?
• Impossibility of rips and cosmological singularities in a universe merging with baby universes
• Finite-time cosmological singularities and the possible fate of the universe
• Dark energy cosmology: the equivalent description via different theoretical models and cosmography tests
• Fractional holographic dark energy
• Braneworld dynamics with vacuum polarization
• Generalized teleparallel cosmology and initial singularity crossing
• Rip brane cosmology from 4d inhomogeneous dark fluid universe

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